Nuts and bolts
Manufacturing processes
- Hot forging – ø 8 to ø 150
- Cold forging – ø 4 to ø 33
- Machining
- Rolled threading (metric or others, coarse or fine threads)
Raw materials
- Carbon steel or alloy steel
- Stainless steel
- Copper
- Brass
- Aluminium
Heat treatments
- Tempering, quenching
- High frequency treatment
- Case hardening
Mechanical properties
- Bolts: class 4.8 to 12.9
- Nuts: class 6 to 10
- Thread locker
Surface protections
- Shot blasting
- Oiling
- Browning
- Phosphatising
- Electrolytic zinc plating, hydrogen de-embrittlement process
- Zinc flake plating
- Cataphoresis
- Anodizing
- Hot dip galvanizing
- Chromium plating